Navigating Educational Advocacy at the Margins: Experiences of Undocumented, Black, and Newcomer Parents in Ontario's School System

Project Overview

Funded by the Government of Ontario through the Ontario Trillium Foundation, this research project addresses urgent and long-standing barriers faced by undocumented, Black, and newcomer parents, guardians, and caregivers as they advocate for their children's educational rights in Ontario.

This project focuses on understanding how undocumented families particularly those within Black communities navigate Ontario's education system despite systemic obstacles. Through in-depth, community-centered research, the project examines the social, legal, and cultural barriers that limit parents' ability to engage with schools and support their children's educational success. The ultimate goal is to generate practical, actionable recommendations that strengthen parental advocacy and promote equitable access to education.

Why This Research Matters and Why Now

At this critical moment, undocumented and newcomer families continue to face heightened precarity due to immigration enforcement, systemic racism, and widening social inequities. For Black undocumented parents in particular, these challenges are compounded by racial discrimination within institutions, limited access to information and resources, and persistent fear of deportation or family separation.

Despite legal protections guaranteeing access to education regardless of immigration status, many families remain excluded in practice. This research is urgently needed to document lived experiences, expose systemic gaps, and inform community-driven and policy-level solutions that foster inclusion, safety, and equity within Ontario's education system.

Focus on Black Communities

The project places a deliberate emphasis on Black communities, where parents face intersecting barriers that restrict full participation in their children's education, including:

  • Fear of deportation, which discourages engagement with schools and access to support
  • Limited access to educational resources, such as financial aid, specialized services, and extracurricular supports
  • Language barriers that hinder communication with educators and understanding of school policies
  • Cultural alienation, where school environments may not reflect or value families' cultural identities
  • Lack of legal knowledge regarding parents' and children's rights within the education system

These barriers often result in disengagement, isolation, and reduced educational outcomes for children, reinforcing cycles of inequity within Black communities.

Research Approach

  • Year 1: Community-based qualitative research, including interviews, focus groups, and surveys with Black parents, in collaboration with trusted community organizations.
  • Year 2: Development and implementation of solutions informed by research findings, such as parent workshops, legal education supports, advocacy tools, and partnerships with school boards.

Location and Community Impact

The project will be conducted within Black communities across the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and the Niagara Region, where undocumented and newcomer families are highly concentrated. While the research directly benefits Black parents and caregivers, it also supports educators, school boards, and policymakers by contributing to a more inclusive, responsive, and equitable education system.

Long-Term Vision

Centering Community Voices for Lasting Change

By centering the voices and experiences of undocumented, Black, and newcomer parents, this project seeks to create lasting change, empowering families to advocate confidently for their children's futures and advancing educational equity for all communities in Ontario.

Expected Outcomes

  • Comprehensive documentation of barriers faced by undocumented and newcomer Black parents in education
  • Development of culturally appropriate advocacy tools and resources
  • Strengthened partnerships between communities and educational institutions
  • Policy recommendations for more inclusive education systems
  • Increased capacity for parental advocacy within Black immigrant communities